How to Measure the Quantum State of Collective Atomic Spin Excitation

Details How to Measure the Quantum State of Collective Atomic Spin Excitation How to Measure the Quantum State of Collective Atomic Spin Excitation

2006-09-07

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0609054v1

Phys. Rev. A 74, 043815 (2006)

Physics

Quantum Physics

6 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. A

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.74.043815

The spin state of an atomic ensemble can be viewed as two bosonic modes, i.e., a quantum signal mode and a $c$-numbered ``local oscillator'' mode when large numbers of spin-1/2 atoms are spin-polarized along a certain axis and collectively manipulated within the vicinity of the axis. We present a concrete procedure which determines the spin-excitation-number distribution, i.e., the diagonal elements of the density matrix in the Dicke basis for the collective spin state. By seeing the collective spin state as a statistical mixture of the inherently-entangled Dicke states, the physical picture of its multi-particle entanglement is made clear.

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