Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2003-01-21
Phys. Rev. A 68, 012308 (2003)
Physics
Quantum Physics
14 pages
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.68.012308
We define several quantitative measures of the robustness of a quantum gate against noise. Exact analytic expressions for the robustness against depolarizing noise are obtained for all unitary quantum gates, and it is found that the controlled-not is the most robust two-qubit quantum gate, in the sense that it is the quantum gate which can tolerate the most depolarizing noise and still generate entanglement. Our results enable us to place several analytic upper bounds on the value of the threshold for quantum computation, with the best bound in the most pessimistic error model being 0.5.
Harrow Aram W.
Nielsen Michael A.
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