Gravity Wave Source Variations and Their Impacts on the Upper Atmosphere During the 2009 Stratospheric Sudden Warming

Details Gravity Wave Source Variations and Their Impacts on the Upper Atmosphere During the 2009 Stratospheric Sudden Warming Gravity Wave Source Variations and Their Impacts on the Upper Atmosphere During the 2009 Stratospheric Sudden Warming

Dec 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011agufmsa34a..03y&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract #SA34A-03

Physics

[3319] Atmospheric Processes / General Circulation, [3334] Atmospheric Processes / Middle Atmosphere Dynamics, [3384] Atmospheric Processes / Acoustic-Gravity Waves, [3389] Atmospheric Processes / Tides And Planetary Waves

Scientific paper

Gravity waves are one of the key elements for driving the atmospheric coupling from the stratosphere to the thermosphere during stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs). Owing to the simplified gravity wave parameterization in general circulation models (GCMs), the mechanisms of atmospheric coupling through gravity waves are not fully understood. In this study, gravity wave source variations and their roles in driving the atmospheric coupling are examined by combining the high-resolution ECMWF-T799 that resolves gravity wave in the lower atmosphere and the TIME-GCM that covers the stratosphere through the thermosphere. ECMWF results indicate that gravity wave activities enhance at the edge of the polar vortex prior to the 2009 SSW. The magnitudes and occurrences of gravity waves correlate well with the locations and strengths of the polar vortex that are strongly distorted by planetary wave growth. Gravity wave zonal-mean potential energy density (GW-Ep) increases prior to the peak 2009 SSW in association with the growth of planetary wave wavenumber 1 and wavenumber 2, respectively, and GW-Ep significantly weakens after the SSW. These variations are confirmed by COSMIC/GPS observations. The enhancements of GW-Ep are likely caused by the changes in in-situ gravity wave source, while changes in filtering are responsible for decreases in GW-Ep after wind reversal. These gravity wave variations are implemented into TIME-GCM. Gravity wave variations alter planetary wave structure and mean flow, resulting in modulations of tidal propagation and nonlinear interactions between tidal and planetary waves. Our results indicate that the significant variations of gravity waves in the polar region indirectly alter the ionosphere in the equatorial region.

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