Gravity in one dimension - Stability of periodic orbits

Physics

Scientific paper

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Gravitation Theory, Gravitational Fields, Orbital Mechanics, Ergodic Process, Gravitational Effects, Many Body Problem

Scientific paper

The failure of the one-dimensional gravitational system to relax to equilibrium on predicted time scales has raised questions concerning the ergodic properties of the dynamics. A failure to approach equilibrium could be caused by the segmentation of phase space into isolated regions from which the system cannot escape. In general, each region may have distinct ergodic properties. By numerically investigating the stability of two classes of periodic orbits for the N-body system, it is demonstrated that stable regions in the phase space exist for values of N of not more than 10. For populations of N between 11 and 20 inclusive numerical evidence is found for multiple chaotic invariant regions. Thus the failure of large systems (N of at least 100) to equilibrate may be a result of microscopic dynamical restrictions rather than imposed macroscopic constraints.

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