Global seismic effects of basin-forming impacts

Details Global seismic effects of basin-forming impacts Global seismic effects of basin-forming impacts

Nov 1977

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977pepi...15..251h&link_type=abstract

(Lunar Science Institute, Conference on Comparisons of Mercury and the Moon, Houston, Tex., Nov. 15-17, 1976.) Physics of the Ea

Physics

14

Computer Programs, Impact, Lunar Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Seismology, Structural Basins, Cratering, Failure Analysis, Lithosphere, Lunar Gravitation, Mathematical Models, Seismic Energy, Shear Stress, Shock Wave Propagation, Tensile Deformation

Scientific paper

A Lagrangian computer program is used to study the effects of large impacts on planetary surfaces. More specifically, the global seismic effects for cratering energies of 10 to the 24th and 10 to the 25th J between the Copernicus and Imbrium lunar events are investigated. The phenomenologies for assumed solid and molten planetary interiors are compared. The main results of this investigation are: (1) far-field effects are found to be largely independent of cratering mechanisms, (2) antipodal seismic effects, which are of substantial magnitude, are greatly enhanced by focusing, (3) the most violent activity takes place at significant depth, (4) seismic effects are more pronounced for a molten planet than for a solid one, and (5) tensile failure may occur at depths of tens of kilometers beneath the antipode, or over the entire surface at shallower depths. These results suggest that the unusual terrains antipodal to large planetary basins may have been greatly modified by seismicity generated by the basin-forming impacts, and that the impacts may have brecciated the entire lithospheres of the terrestrial planets as the lithospheres formed and thickened

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