Global ice volumes at the Last Glacial Maximum and early Lateglacial

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Observations of sea levels during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) at localities far from the former ice margins constrain the global change in ice volume from the LGM to the present at about 52×106 km3. Regional studies of sea-level change from observations near and within the margins of the former ice sheets constrain ice volumes of the individual ice sheets and have led to an imbalance between the global estimate of ice volume and the sum of the individual ice-sheet volumes. The latter estimates are reliable only when the observational record from localities close to the ice mass extends well into Lateglacial times, which is generally not the case for the major ice sheets. Ice volumes during the LGM and earliest part of the Lateglacial period can therefore be substantially increased without affecting the predictions of Lateglacial and Postglacial sea level in a significant manner, provided that a rapid reduction in ice volume occurred in early Lateglacial time. New far-field data for LGM and Lateglacial sea-level change indicates that a rapid rise in sea level of about 15 m occurred at about 16500-16000 14C (or 19200-18700 calibrated) years ago. This leads to the inference that during the LGM the ice sheet volumes of the major ice sheets were greater than inferred from regional rebound analyses and that rapid reductions in volume occurred at the termination of the LGM. The timing of this occurrence does not coincide with any recognised Heinrich event, although pulses of ice-rafted debris originating from both northern ice sheets do occur in some high latitude cores. An Antarctic contribution to the post-LGM melting event also cannot be ruled out, the timing coinciding with evidence for the onset of warming in southern latitudes and the addition of meltwater into the Southern Ocean.

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