Global and Regional Modes of the Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation

Details Global and Regional Modes of the Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation Global and Regional Modes of the Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Circulation

Dec 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003agufmpp52a0963r&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2003, abstract #PP52A-0963

Physics

0315 Biosphere/Atmosphere Interactions, 3210 Modeling, 3309 Climatology (1620), 3344 Paleoclimatology, 3346 Planetary Meteorology (5445, 5739)

Scientific paper

We investigate the relation between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO) from the perspective of non-stationarity of Atlantic-Pacific atmospheric teleconnections. We detect decadal variations in the correlation of NAO and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices in observational data, proxy data and coupled ocean-atmosphere model simulations. During periods when the NAO and Niño3 indices are significantly negative correlated the dominant mode of Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation has an annular structure similar to AO (global mode). For these periods NAO can be viewed as a regional manifestation of AO. During periods when NAO and Niño3 indices are not significantly correlated the dominant mode of the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation is concentrated in the Atlantic-European region and has a spatial structure similar to NAO (regional mode). During the last century, the global (regional) mode dominates the Northern Hemisphere circulation during the 1930s to 1960s (after the 1970s). The combined analysis of a snow accumulation time series from an ice core from Mount Logan (northwestern Canada) and a coral oxygen isotope time series from Ras Umm Sidd (northern Red Sea) reveals that the global mode dominates the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation also during the 1750s to 1850s. The correlation between NAO and ENSO indices in a millennial-scale climate simulation of the coupled ocean-atmosphere model ECHO-G indicates decadal variations as detected in observed and proxy data. The model shows more frequent occurencies of global-mode regimes relative to regional-mode regimes, showing that a large part of millennial scale variability is related to AO.

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