Physics
Scientific paper
Nov 1984
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984nascp2350..125r&link_type=abstract
In NASA. Ames Research Center Proc. of the Workshop on Improvements to Photometry p 125-136 (SEE N85-17892 08-89)
Physics
Amplification, Errors, Photometry, Photomultiplier Tubes, Photons, Pulse Amplitude, Stability, Calibrating, Drift (Instrumentation), Statistical Tests
Scientific paper
Experiments performed on five commercially available photomultiplier tubes indicate that gain instabilities can be an important source of error in photon counting measurements at the 1% level. It is shown that the error cannot be significantly reduced by standard differential measurement techniques. Analysis of time variations in the pulse height distribution is shown to be a sensitive diagnostic tool for the measurement of gain variations. Using this technique it is found that gain variations occur at counting rates as low as 100 Hz. It is argued that such errors will be present at some level in all tubes. Several calibrating schemes capable of reducing the error to below the 0.1% level are discussed.
Chromey Frederick R.
Rosen W. A.
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