Full-wave reflection of lightning long-wave radio pulses from the ionospheric D region: Numerical model

Details Full-wave reflection of lightning long-wave radio pulses from the ionospheric D region: Numerical model Full-wave reflection of lightning long-wave radio pulses from the ionospheric D region: Numerical model

Mar 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009jgra..11403303j&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 114, Issue A3, CiteID A03303

Physics

10

Radio Science: Ionospheric Propagation (0689, 2487, 3285, 4275, 4455), Ionosphere: Instruments And Techniques, Ionosphere: Ionospheric Disturbances, Ionosphere: Particle Precipitation

Scientific paper

A model is developed for calculating ionospheric reflection of electromagnetic pulses emitted by lightning, with most energy in the long-wave spectral region (f ~ 3-100 kHz). The building block of the calculation is a differential equation full-wave solution of Maxwell's equations for the complex reflection of individual plane waves incident from below, by the anisotropic, dissipative, diffuse dielectric profile of the lower ionosphere. This full-wave solution is then put into a summation over plane waves in an angular direct Fourier transform to obtain the reflection properties of curved wavefronts. This step models also the diffraction effects of long-wave ionospheric reflections observed at short or medium range (~200-500 km). The calculation can be done with any arbitrary but smooth dielectric profile versus altitude. For an initial test, this article uses the classic D region exponential profiles of electron density and collision rate given by Volland. With even these simple profiles, our model of full-wave reflection of curved wavefronts captures some of the basic attributes of observed reflected waveforms recorded with the Los Alamos Sferic Array. A follow-on article will present a detailed comparison with data in order to retrieve ionospheric parameters.

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