Frictional and hydrologic properties of a major splay fault system, Nankai subduction zone

Details Frictional and hydrologic properties of a major splay fault system, Nankai subduction zone Frictional and hydrologic properties of a major splay fault system, Nankai subduction zone

Oct 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009georl..3620313i&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 36, Issue 20, CiteID L20313

Physics

2

Tectonophysics: Dynamics And Mechanics Of Faulting (8004), Tectonophysics: Subduction Zone Processes (1031, 3060, 3613, 8413), Tectonophysics: Dynamics: Seismotectonics, Tectonophysics: Rheology And Friction Of Fault Zones (8034), Seismology: Earthquake Dynamics (1242)

Scientific paper

We report on laboratory experiments examining the frictional and hydrologic properties of fault gouge and wall rock along a borehole transect that crosses a major out-of-sequence thrust splay fault within the Nankai accretionary complex. At 25 MPa effective normal stress, the fault zone material is frictionally weak (μ ≤ 0.44) and exhibits low permeability after shearing (k < 5.5 × 10-20 m2). Fault zone samples are weaker and less permeable than the surrounding wall rocks, consistent with their slightly higher clay abundance. All samples exhibit velocity-strengthening frictional behavior over most of the experimental conditions we explored, consistent with aseismic slip at shallow depths. The fault and wall rock both exhibit prominent minima in the friction rate parameter (a - b) for sliding velocities of 1-10 μm/s (˜0.1-1.0 m/day), comparable to rates for slow slip events. This suggests that the frictional properties of fault zone material play a central role in governing the mode of slip on subduction megathrusts.

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