Friction velocity dependence of clay-rich fault material along a megasplay fault in the Nankai subduction zone at intermediate to high velocities

Details Friction velocity dependence of clay-rich fault material along a megasplay fault in the Nankai subduction zone at intermediate to high velocities Friction velocity dependence of clay-rich fault material along a megasplay fault in the Nankai subduction zone at intermediate to high velocities

Oct 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011georl..3819301t&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 38, Issue 19, CiteID L19301

Physics

1

Seismology: Earthquake Dynamics (1242), Tectonophysics: Dynamics And Mechanics Of Faulting (8004), Tectonophysics: Rheology And Friction Of Fault Zones (8034), Tectonophysics: Subduction Zone Processes (1031, 3060, 3613, 8413)

Scientific paper

The frictional properties of clay-rich fault material collected from a megasplay fault within the Nankai accretionary complex were examined in frictional experiments performed at a normal stress of 5 MPa under water-saturated conditions for slip velocities from 0.0026 to 260 mm/s with >250 mm of displacement. Our results reveal that the fault material can show two stages of velocity weakening behavior: weakening at slow velocities (v < 2.6 mm/s), characterized by a small degree of friction velocity dependence (the absolute value of (a - b) is typically <0.005), and a dramatic weakening at high velocities (v > 26 mm/s). Such a process of fault weakening may provide important constraints on models of faulting along a megasplay fault. At slip velocities from 0.026 to 2.6 mm/s, there exist both velocity-weakening and velocity-strengthening fault materials. The frictional coefficient values, μ, for slow slip velocities (v = 0.26 mm/s) are relatively low (μ = 0.28-0.35) for velocity-strengthening samples compared with velocity-weakening samples (μ = 0.38-0.49). Microstructural analyses reveal that velocity-strengthening samples show homogeneous deformation textures in which the entire gouge layer is deformed, whereas velocity-weakening materials show evidence of shear localization in which deformation is concentrated along narrow subsidiary shears.

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