Fractal Boundaries of Complex Networks

Details Fractal Boundaries of Complex Networks Fractal Boundaries of Complex Networks

2008-04-11

arxiv.org/abs/0804.1968v1

Physics

Mathematical Physics

Scientific paper

10.1209/0295-5075/84/48004

We introduce the concept of boundaries of a complex network as the set of nodes at distance larger than the mean distance from a given node in the network. We study the statistical properties of the boundaries nodes of complex networks. We find that for both Erd\"{o}s-R\'{e}nyi and scale-free model networks, as well as for several real networks, the boundaries have fractal properties. In particular, the number of boundaries nodes {\it B} follows a power-law probability density function which scales as $B^{-2}$. The clusters formed by the boundary nodes are fractals with a fractal dimension $d_{f} \approx 2$. We present analytical and numerical evidence supporting these results for a broad class of networks. Our findings imply potential applications for epidemic spreading.

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