Fourth-generation Mars vehicle concepts

Computer Science – Robotics

Scientific paper

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Ascent Propulsion Systems, Interplanetary Spacecraft, Liftoff (Launching), Liquid Rocket Propellants, Mars (Planet), Mars Exploration, Robotics, Rocket Engines, Space Processing, Spacecraft Launching, Viking Lander Spacecraft, Aerodynamic Drag, Aeromaneuvering, Cargo, Computer Aided Manufacturing, Interplanetary Flight, Liquid Hydrogen, Microgravity, Payloads

Scientific paper

Conceptual designs for fourth-generation crew-carrying Mars transfer and excursion vehicles, fully integrated to state-of-the-art standards, are presented. The resulting vehicle concepts are sized for six crew members, and can support all opposition and conjunction opportunities in or after 2014. The modular, reusable transfer ship is launched to Earth orbit on six 185-ton-class boosters and assembled there robotically. Its dual nuclear-thermal rocket engines use liquid hydrogen propollant. The payload consists of a microgravity habitation system and an expendable lift-to-drag = 1.6 lander capable of aeromaneuvering to sites within +/- 20 deg of the equator. This lander can deliver either an expendable, storable-bipropellant crew-carrying ascent vehicle, or 40 tons of cargo, and it is capable of limited surface mobility to support base buildup. Multiple cargo landers sent ahead on robotic transfer vehicles deliver the supplies and equipment required for long-duration surface missions.

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