First Tomographic Observations of the Mid-latitude Summer Nighttime Anomaly (MSNA) over Japan

Details First Tomographic Observations of the Mid-latitude Summer Nighttime Anomaly (MSNA) over Japan First Tomographic Observations of the Mid-latitude Summer Nighttime Anomaly (MSNA) over Japan

Dec 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009agufmsa23c..04y&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2009, abstract #SA23C-04

Physics

[2443] Ionosphere / Midlatitude Ionosphere

Scientific paper

Recently, a chain of digital beacon receivers has been established over Japan, mainly for the tomographic imaging of the ionosphere. These receivers are installed at Shionomisaki (33.45°N, 135.8°E), Shigaraki (34.85°N, 136.1°E) and Fukui (36.06°N,136°E), which continuously track the Low Earth Orbiting Satellites (LEOS), and the simultaneous line-of-sight relative Total Electron Content (TEC) data are used for tomographic reconstruction. In the images obtained during July 2008, it is seen that the nighttime electron densities exceed the daytime values on almost all days over latitudes >33-34°N. On several days, these northern latitudes show enhanced electron densities compared to the low-latitude region during nighttime. These are the prominent features of the ‘Mid-latitude Summer Nighttime Anomaly (MSNA)’ that is recently observed in the northern hemisphere and is considered similar to the nighttime Weddell Sea Anomaly (WSA). This is the first study of the MSNA using tomographic technique, and found its significant day-to-day variability. The Formosat3/COSMIC occultation measurements, ionosonde data from Wakkanai (45.4°N, 141.7° E), ground-based GPS TEC observations using the GEONET, and CHAMP in situ electron density measurements are also used to confirm the presence of MSNA over this region and to examine its variability. It is seen that in general, during the local summer period, electron density over the northern latitudes is highest at ~2000-2100 LT and the latitudinal enhancement in electron density also begins to appear around the same time, which continues to exist even at later hours. This feature is explained by considering the neutral wind effect in the geomagnetic frame.

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