Field-aligned current, convective electric field, and auroral particle measurements during a major magnetic storm

Physics

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Auroral Zones, Electric Fields, Field Aligned Currents, Geomagnetism, Ionospheric Currents, Polar Substorms, Current Density, Electron Energy, Explorer 12 Satellite, Flux (Rate), Satellite Observation, Temporal Distribution

Scientific paper

The S3-2 polar-orbiting satellite has provided measurements of ambient magnetic field, electric field, and auroral electron flux during a very intense substorm period. One quiet time orbit and two orbits in extremely active times have been used to calculate field-aligned current densities. In all the cases observed, the direction of the electric field components indicated closure of the major field-aligned current pattern by Pedersen current flow in the ionosphere. Values of the height-integrated Pedersen conductivity, calculated from the ratio of the poleward gradients of the transverse component of magnetic field to the trajectory component of electric field, were typically in the range from 10 to 30 per Ohm in the current-carrying regions during active times.

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