Far-ir Spectroscopy Of Various Mineral Groups: Providing Laboratory Data For Herschel

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

To aid in interpreting data from Herschel Space Observatory Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS), we have collected mass absorption coefficient spectra in the wavelength range 15 to 250 micron of micron-sized powders for more than 140 mineral species representing various mineral groups. Mineral groups investigated included nesosilicates (olivines, garnets, phenakite), inosilicates (pyroxenes, pyroxenoids, amphiboles), sorosilicates, cyclosilicates, tectosilicates (silicas, feldspars), phyllosilicates, carbonates, sulfides, and oxides. The mineral samples were selected from AMNH mineral collection, chemical and crystallographic identity of all minerals was confirmed by means of electron microprobe and grain and powder XRD. Samples were ground to micron dimensions and the micron size distribution was ensured by Stokes settling, verified by scanning electron microscopy. Milligram quantities of mineral sample were dispersed in polyethylene powder and melted into pellets. Spectra were collected using a Fourier spectrometer with globar source, mylar beamsplitter, and a 4 K bolometer. Temperature dependence of the spectra down to 15 K revealed sharpening and blue-shifts of the characteristic absorption lines, and in some cases, resolution of additional features not seen at room temperature. Mineral spectra in the far-IR region are highly characteristic of mineral group, crystal structure and chemical composition. The spectral data obtained in this study, together with the accompanying mineral characterization data, will be added to Planetary Data System database to be used for mineral identification in cosmic dust populations, based on far-IR emission spectra of collected by Herschel and similar space IR missions.

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