Extremely high latitude auroras

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Auroral Arcs, Polar Caps, Satellite Observation, Auroral Electrojets, Geomagnetic Latitude, Geomagnetism, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Kp Index, Magnetic Storms, Meteorological Satellites, Polar Meteorology, Solar Wind

Scientific paper

It is pointed out that imaging devices on the polar orbiting ISIS and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites have greatly increased the extent of polar cap and auroral zone coverage and have prompted several studies of polar cap arcs. A description is presented of a statistical study of the occurrence conditions for arcs recorded in DMSP images at extremely high latitudes, taking into account corrected geomagnetic latitudes equal to or greater than 80 deg. The 80 deg boundary is chosen to minimize the problems associated with defining a polar cap boundary. Attention is given to the data base and categorization of extremely high latitude auroras, the relationship to magnetic activity, and the relationship to solar wind conditions. It is found that one category of extremely high latitude auroras is distinctly different from the rest. This category includes the oval auroras which expand poleward in the midnight sector.

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