Statistics – Applications
Scientific paper
Nov 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aps..dppgi2005r&link_type=abstract
American Physical Society, 44th Annual Meeting of the Division of Plasma , abstract #GI2.005
Statistics
Applications
Scientific paper
Several applications, including the diagnostics of dense plasmas, require bright beams of coherent soft x-ray radiation. Recently significant progress has been made in the development of very compact high brightness soft x-ray lasers with excellent spatial coherence based on fast capillary discharges. Fast discharge-driven compressions in capillary channels produce axially uniform plasmas columns of narrow diameter in which saturated laser amplification is produced by collisional electron excitation of Ne-like ions. With laser pulse energies of several hundred μJ, peak spectral brightness of ˜ 2× 10^25 photons/ (s mm ^2 mrad ^2 0.01% bandwidth) and repetition rate of several Hz, the 46.9 nm the table-top Ne-like Ar capillary discharge laser has been successfully used in several applications. In long capillary plasma columns strong refractive anti-guiding and gain guiding act as an intrinsic mode selection mechanism that makes it possible to achieve essentially full spatial coherence. Such soft x-ray laser beams can probe scale-lengths and plasma densities beyond the limits that plasma refraction and absorption impose on optical laser probes, as initially demonstrated at Lawrence Livermore National Lab with a laboratory-size soft x-ray laser pumped by the Nova laser. With similar brightness, but much higher repetition rate and smaller foot print, the Ne-like Ar capillary discharge laser was used in the first table-top soft x-ray laser plasma diagnostics experiments, that include the shadowgraphy of micro-capillary discharges and interferometry of laser-created plasmas. In combination with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that uses diffraction gratings as beam splitters it was used to study two-dimensional hydrodynamic effects in laser-created plasmas. Interferograms of plasmas generated at relatively low irradiation intensities (1×10^11- 7×10^12 W cm_2) with 13 ns FWHM duration light pulses revealed the unexpected formation of a concave density profile with a minimum on axis and pronounced sidelobes. Simulations show that this is the result of plasma radiation induced mass ablation and cooling in the areas surrounding the focal spot. Compact table-top soft x-ray lasers are positioned to become an important high-resolution tool for the study of high density plasmas and for the validation of hydrodynamic codes. (In collaboration with J. Filevich, E. Hammersten, E. Jankovska, M. Marconi, B. Luther, A. Rahman, V.N. Shlyaptsev, S. Moon, B. Szapiro, and M. Grisham)
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