Physics
Scientific paper
Oct 1984
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984jbis...37..469d&link_type=abstract
British Interplanetary Society, Journal (Solar System Exploration) (ISSN 0007-084X), vol. 37, Oct. 1984, p. 469-479.
Physics
Heliosphere, Mission Planning, Pioneer 10 Space Probe, Pioneer 11 Space Probe, Space Exploration, Cosmic Rays, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Solar Planetary Interactions, Solar Wind, Space Missions, Spacecraft Design, Spacecraft Instruments, Spacecraft Trajectories
Scientific paper
The Pioneer 10 spacecraft is now further from the Sun than all of the nine planets and is the most distant man-made object in our Solar System. Pioneer 11 is 15 AU from the Sun and travelling (in a direction opposite to that of Pioneer 10) in the "upstream" direction of the heliosphere in our galactic arm. These two Pioneer spacecraft have provided the first large-scale examination of the Sun as a star with its surrounding gas and dust. Since launch, the Pioneers have measured large-scale properties of the heliosphere during one 11-year solar sunspot cycle, and have detected the magnetic field polarity reversal that occurs every 22 years. The charged particle experiments have measured the properties of the expanding solar atmosphere, the transport of cosmic rays into our heliosphere, and the high energy trapped radiation around the planets Jupiter and Saturn.
Dyal Palmer
Fimmel Richard O.
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