Experiments on water/melt explosions, nature of products, and models of dispersal

Details Experiments on water/melt explosions, nature of products, and models of dispersal Experiments on water/melt explosions, nature of products, and models of dispersal

Apr 1984

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1984pggp.rept..144s&link_type=abstract

In NASA. Washington Rept. of Planetary Geol. Program, 1983 p 144-146 (SEE N84-23431 13-91)

Physics

Effusives, Explosions, Planetary Geology, Reaction Products, Volcanology, Water, Computerized Simulation, Dispersing, Experimentation, Glass, Microstructure, Particles, Planetary Composition, Thermites

Scientific paper

Experiments were carried out in a steel pressure device using controlled amounts of water and thermite melt to examine the mechanical energy released on explosive mixing following the initial contact of the two materials. An experimental design was used to allow the direct calculation of the mechanical energy by the dynamic lift of the device as recorded both optically and physically. A large number of experiments were run to accurately determine the optimum mixture of water and melt for the conversion of thermal to mechanical energy. The maximum efficiency observed was about 12% at a water/thermite mass ratio of 0.50. These experiments are the basis for the development of models of hydroexplosions and melt fragmentation. Particles collected from the experimental products are similar in size and shape to pyroclasts produced by much larger hydrovolcanic explosions. Melt rupture at optimum ratios produces very fine particles whereas rupture at high or low water/melt ratios produces large melt fragments. Grain surface textures in the experimental products are also related to the water/melt ratio and the mechanism of explosive mixing. It is thus possible to have qualitative information about the nature of the explosion from the sizes and shapes of the fragments produced.

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