Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2010-09-15
Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 073602 (2010)
Physics
Quantum Physics
5 pages, 3 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.073602
Optimal quantum cloning is the process of making one or more copies of an arbitrary unknown input quantum state with the highest possible fidelity. All reported demonstrations of quantum cloning have so far been limited to copying two-dimensional quantum states, or qubits. We report the experimental realization of the optimal quantum cloning of four-dimensional quantum states, or ququarts, encoded in the polarization and orbital angular momentum degrees of freedom of photons. Our procedure, based on the symmetrization method, is also shown to be generally applicable to quantum states of arbitrarily high dimension -- or qudits -- and to be scalable to an arbitrary number of copies, in all cases remaining optimal. Furthermore, we report the bosonic coalescence of two single-particle entangled states.
Giovannini Daniele
Marrucci Lorenzo
Nagali Eleonora
Santamato Enrico
Sciarrino Fabio
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