Experimental Degassing of Volatile Bearing Martian Magmas into a CO2-rich Atmosphere: Magmatic Vapor-Driven Surface Modification and Contribution to the Atmosphere

Details Experimental Degassing of Volatile Bearing Martian Magmas into a CO2-rich Atmosphere: Magmatic Vapor-Driven Surface Modification and Contribution to the Atmosphere Experimental Degassing of Volatile Bearing Martian Magmas into a CO2-rich Atmosphere: Magmatic Vapor-Driven Surface Modification and Contribution to the Atmosphere

Dec 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011agufm.p31b1704u&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract #P31B-1704

Physics

[1060] Geochemistry / Planetary Geochemistry, [5455] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Origin And Evolution, [5480] Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets / Volcanism, [8450] Volcanology / Planetary Volcanism

Scientific paper

A variety of studies have focused on redistribution of mantle material by ascent of magmas through the crust, and the nature of these magmas and their compositional evolution (Nekvasil et al. 2009; McCubbin et al. 2009; McCubbin et al. 2010). An additional strong focus has been surface alteration/weathering and redistribution of surface materials by sedimentary processes. In order to fully understand Mars as a system, however, we also need to determine the results of interaction of magmatic vapors with surface materials, such as alteration and volatile sequestration, and, through this, assess the net contribution to the martian atmosphere. It has been suggested that the early martian atmosphere was CO2-rich(Michalski and Niles 2010; Morris et al. 2010; Harvey 2010), but that it eventually lost this characteristic over time. It is possible that the nature of the magmatic vapor interaction with surface materials and the magmatic volatile contribution to the Martian atmosphere changed over time in response to this. To investigate this possibility we have initiated a set of experiment that assess relative loss of magma-hosted S, F, Cl and water to a CO2-rich and a CO2-poor atmosphere, the nature of sublimates produced with dropping temperature, and the type of alteration assemblages that could lead to volatile sequestration. The experiments were designed to simulate degassing of a volatile-rich martian magma that ascended rapidly and retained much of its volatile load until eruption onto the surface at a pressure of between 0.3 and 1 bar. Sealed silica tubes were used which hosted the synthetic volatile-containing martian basalt, the oxygen buffer assemblage and CO2 source, and a capsule containing crushed wallrock for reaction with the vapor phase in a well-characterized thermal gradient. These tubes were suspended in a vertical Pt-wound furnace and heated for several hours at a temperature just above the liquidus to simulate first boiling. Preliminary results will be discussed and the implications for surface alteration and atmosphere evolution presented.

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