Excitation of periodic magnetic field oscillations in the ULF range by amplitude modulated HF waves

Physics

Scientific paper

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Amplitude Modulation, Earth Ionosphere, Extremely Low Radio Frequencies, High Frequencies, Magnetic Flux, Space Plasmas, Geomagnetism, Ionospheric Drift, Ionospheric Electron Density, Ionospheric Heating, Periodic Variations

Scientific paper

High power HF radio waves radiated into the ionosphere strongly enhance the electron temperature. This electron heating can cause perturbations in the conductivity tensor via an enhancement of the collision frequency or the electron density, depending on the modulation frequency of the HF wave. The periodically altered conductivities result in an ac current that emits electromagnetic waves. Two experiments with modulation frequencies between 0.7 and 9 Hz, and one with frequencies of 1425 Hz, 1 Hz, and 8.33 mHz are studied in detail and compared with numerical calculations. It is found that ellipticity and orientation of the polarization ellipse of the measured magnetic wave field can be ascribed to the effects of the temperature and density modulation.

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