Physics – Plasma Physics
Scientific paper
Jan 1990
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990ngst.conf...27m&link_type=abstract
The Next Generation Space Telescope, p. 27
Physics
Plasma Physics
European Space Agency, Space Missions, Mission Planning, Astronomical Satellites, Spaceborne Telescopes, Hubble Space Telescope, Iue, Infrared Space Observatory (Iso), Astronomical Interferometry
Scientific paper
The European Space Research Organization, the predecessor of ESA, was established some 25 years ago. The main goal then was to coordinate the work of European astronomers and scientists to design and build a telescope to be placed in Earth's orbit. As it turned out, the first satellite that was built was not an astronomical satellite, it was a space plasma physics satellite. Since those early days, ESA has conducted a very active, although budget limited, research program in astronomy. The first astronomical satellite that was launched was TD-1A, which carried an ultraviolet telescope. It was followed by COS-B, which conducted an all sky survey of gamma-ray sources. That was followed by a joint mission with NASA, the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite (IUE) and then lately the EXOSAT, which explored the X-ray region. Following these early successful missions, a study was conducted five years ago by ESA to define with European scientists the long range priorities in space research for the following decade. There were extensive studies within the European community to define the mission of interest to each discipline. This was further refined over a two-year period, and the result of that program is what is now called the European Space Agency's "Horizon 2000". The program is built around what are called the four "corner stone" missions. The report summarizes these missions, the Far Infrared Space Telescope (FIRST), space interferometry, and Europe and the Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST).
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