Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2000-04-02
Phys. Rev. A 62, 043803 (2000)
Physics
Quantum Physics
12 pages, revtex, 10 eps figures, minor corrections in Appendix
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.62.043803
Dielectric four-port devices play an important role in optical quantum information processing. Since for causality reasons the permittivity is a complex function of frequency, dielectrics are typical examples of noisy quantum channels, which cannot preserve quantum coherence. To study the effects of quantum decoherence, we start from the quantized electromagnetic field in an arbitrary Kramers--Kronig dielectric of given complex permittivity and construct the transformation relating the output quantum state to the input quantum state, without placing restrictions on the frequency. We apply the formalism to some typical examples in quantum communication. In particular we show that for entangled qubits the Bell-basis states $|\Psi^\pm>$ are more robust against decoherence than the states $|\Phi^\pm>$.
Knoll Ludwig
Opatrny Tomas
Scheel Stefan
Welsch Dirk-Gunnar
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