Entanglement as precondition for secure quantum key distribution

Details Entanglement as precondition for secure quantum key distribution Entanglement as precondition for secure quantum key distribution

2003-07-21

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0307151v1

Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 217903 (2004)

Physics

Quantum Physics

5 pages

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.217903

We demonstrate that a necessary precondition for unconditionally secure quantum key distribution is that sender and receiver can use the available measurement results to prove the presence of entanglement in a quantum state that is effectively distributed between them. One can thus systematically search for entanglement using the class of entanglement witness operators that can be constructed from the observed data. We apply such analysis to two well-known quantum key distribution protocols, namely the 4-state protocol and the 6-state protocol. As a special case, we show that, for some asymmetric error patterns, the presence of entanglement can be proven even for error rates above 25% (4-state protocol) and 33% (6-state protocol).

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