Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2009-08-10
Phys.Rev.D81:016009,2010
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
11 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.016009
We explore a possible phase where chiral $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ symmetry is spontaneously broken while its center $Z_2$ symmetry remains unbroken and its consequence on thermal quantities. In this phase, chiral symmetry breaking is driven by a quartic quark condensate although a bilinear quark condensate vanishes. A Ginzburg-Landau free energy leads to a new tricritical point (TCP) between the $Z_2$ broken and unbroken phases. Furthermore, a critical point can appear even in the chiral limit where explicit breaking is turned off, instead of a TCP at which restoration of chiral and its center symmetries takes place simultaneously. The net quark number density exhibits an abrupt change near the restoration of the center symmetry rather than that of the chiral symmetry. Hadron masses in possible phases are also studied in a linear sigma model. We show that, in the $Z_2$ symmetric phase, the $\bar{q}q$-type scalar meson with zero isospin I=0 splits from the $\bar{q}q$-type pseudoscalar meson with I=1.
Harada Masaaki
Sasaki Chihiro
Takemoto Shinpei
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