Energy Spectra of Fragments from Silver and Uranium Bombarded with 5.0-GeV Protons

Details Energy Spectra of Fragments from Silver and Uranium Bombarded with 5.0-GeV Protons Energy Spectra of Fragments from Silver and Uranium Bombarded with 5.0-GeV Protons

Apr 1973

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1973phrvc...7.1611k&link_type=abstract

Physical Review C, vol. 7, Issue 4, pp. 1611-1626

Physics

24

Scientific paper

In this third paper in a series in which the characteristics of nuclear fragments produced in the interaction of 5-GeV protons with Ag and U targets were studied by means of dEdx-E measurements with semiconductor detector telescopes new information was obtained on the energy spectra of light fragments. One set of measurements on fragments from a Ag target involved the use of a two-element telescope incorporating a ΔE detector as thin as 16 μm. A new algorithm for processing the ΔE and E data to extract particle identification was developed and the resulting particle spectra showed superior resolution for the elements from Li (Z=3) to S (Z=16). Segments of the energy spectra of each of these elements were measured at 20° and, for many of them, also at 45, 90, 135, and 160° to the beam direction. By use of three-element telescopes and absorbers the high-energy part of the energy spectrum for isotopes of He, Li, Be, B, and C ejected from Ag and U targets was measured at 20°. The measurements extended beyond 300 MeV for 6Li and 7Li and to 400 MeV for 7Be. A distinct high-energy component was found in these cases. The suitability of nuclear evaporation as a description of the emission of the low-energy fragments was tested with two simple theoretical models, one specifying isotropic fragment emission from a moving nucleus at a fixed nuclear temperature and one specifying isotropic fragment emission from a set of moving nuclei with a Maxwellian distribution of excitation energies and forward momenta. The second could describe rather well all the 90° data, provided a Coulomb barrier 0.4 that of the classical tangent-spheres barrier was used. However, the measured intensity in the forward direction was much higher than predicted. Neither evaporation calculation was able to describe the highest-energy part of the spectra, and the conclusion was drawn that these particles must be produced in the initial high-energy cascade.

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