Physics
Scientific paper
Apr 1978
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1978jgr....83.1544p&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 83, Apr. 1, 1978, p. 1544-1550. Research supported by the Statens Naturvetenskapliga Fors
Physics
6
Charged Particles, Electric Fields, Geomagnetic Tail, Magnetic Storms, Particle Acceleration, Particle Energy, Betatrons, Current Sheets, Electron Energy, Linear Accelerators, Magnetic Induction, Particle Trajectories, Proton Energy
Scientific paper
Observations have shown that electrons and protons are energized up to at least 1 MeV in the magnetotail during substorms. A simple model of a localized, growing disturbance in the neutral sheet current was used to calculate perturbation magnetic and electric fields; the model includes the formation of X- and O-type neutral lines. Plasma sheet test particles were followed in these time-dependent fields by using the full relativistic equation of motion. The most efficient energizing mechanism is a two-step process, with an initial linear acceleration along a neutral line up to moderate energies, followed by betatron acceleration. The former imparts a large magnetic moment to the particle as it begins to gyrate and drift in the magnetic field, being the transverse kinetic energy. During this drift into regions of stronger magnetic field there is a large increase in the transverse kinetic energy, the relativistic invariant remaining constant. Because of the rotational property of the induced electric field it is possible for a particle to gain energy even when the drift motion by itself would cause a loss.
Heikkila Walter J.
Pellinen Risto J.
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