Energetic protons accelerated by a model Coronal Mass Ejection and associated shock in the solar corona

Physics – Plasma Physics

Scientific paper

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[7513] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Coronal Mass Ejections, [7514] Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy / Energetic Particles, [7845] Space Plasma Physics / Particle Acceleration, [7851] Space Plasma Physics / Shock Waves

Scientific paper

Modeling and observational studies of coronal and interplanetary shocks suggest that they are most effective in accelerating Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) relatively close to the Sun. Interplanetary shocks have been quite well studied, thanks to in situ measurements of energetic articles near Earth and throughout the solar system. Many bursts of energetic charged particles observed close to Earth are not directly associated with shocks that pass by Earth. This suggests that energetic particles could be accelerated much lower, in the solar corona, possibly by shocks that form near the Sun or through magnetic reconnection. For the first time, we have used results from a three-dimensional time-dependent magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of a coronal mass ejection (CME) in the solar corona, coupled with a three-dimensional energetic particle propagation and acceleration model, in order to investigate how suprathermal protons respond to an enhanced traveling plasma structure and shock in the corona. The detailed MHD simulation reveals multiple density and magnetic field enhancements behind the traveling shock, which cause rapid acceleration of suprathermal protons via diffusive shock acceleration in the kinetic simulation. The resulting spectra and time profiles of energetic protons at different radial distances from the Sun are presented. This work will help address the question of whether and how efficient CMEs and shocks close to the Sun are in accelerating suprathermal particle populations to high energies.

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