Efficient and Robust Quantum Key Distribution With Minimal State Tomography

Details Efficient and Robust Quantum Key Distribution With Minimal State Tomography Efficient and Robust Quantum Key Distribution With Minimal State Tomography

2004-12-09

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0412075v4

Physics

Quantum Physics

Title modified; 4 pages, 2 figures; v4 is the updated and much extended version of 18/05/08; this is Ref. [30] in quant-ph/040

Scientific paper

We introduce the Singapore protocol, a qubit protocol for quantum key distribution that is fully tomographic, more efficient than other tomographic protocols, and very robust. Under ideal circumstances the efficiency is log_2(4/3)=0.415 key bits per qubit sent. This is 25% more than the efficiency of 1/3=0.333 for the standard six-state protocol, which sets the benchmark. We describe a simple two-way communication scheme that extracts 0.4 key bits per qubit and thus gets close to the information-theoretical limit. The noise thresholds that we report for a hierarchy of eavesdropping attacks demonstrate the robustness of the protocol: A secure key can be extracted if there is less than 38.9% noise.

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