Effects of 11-year solar cycle and quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) on the energetics in the equatorial lower stratosphere and large-scale tropical circulations

Details Effects of 11-year solar cycle and quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) on the energetics in the equatorial lower stratosphere and large-scale tropical circulations Effects of 11-year solar cycle and quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) on the energetics in the equatorial lower stratosphere and large-scale tropical circulations

Sep 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003esasp.535..381r&link_type=abstract

In: Solar variability as an input to the Earth's environment. International Solar Cycle Studies (ISCS) Symposium, 23 - 28 June 2

Physics

Solar Cycles, Quasi-Biennial Oscillation, Earth Stratosphere, Solar-Terrestrial Relations

Scientific paper

Since recent past years, Solar-Terrestrial Physics and Meteorology (STP-M) is a growing subject for better understanding the solar-terrestrial relations. Also, the equatorial processes including the coupling (EPIC) are very important for understanding of the dynamics of the lower atmosphere. In the present study, we investigate an 11-year solar cycle in the energetics (kinetics energy) of the equatorial lower stratosphere. We also investigate the possible influence of QBO on the large-scale tropical circulations including Indian summer monsoon and tropical cyclones over the Gulf of Mexico. The data used in the study for the period 1954-2000, were (a) 50 mb winds over the equatorial station, Singapore (1°18'N; 103°10'E), (b) rainfall data over the Indian sub-continent during June-September; (c) total number of tropical cyclones during October over the Gulf of Mexico; and (d) solar flux (10.7 cm). The study has suggested the following: (I) an evidence of 11-year solar cycle in the energetics of the lower stratosphere, (II) energetics were maximum/minimum during sunspot minimum/maximum with anti-phase relation, (III) floods/droughts over the Indian sub-continent during the westerly/easterly phases of the QBO and the large-scale droughts enhance during the ENSO events, (IV) tropical cyclone frequency and intensity were maximum/minimum during the westerly/easterly phases of the QBO, (V) the possible physical mechanisms include the following: During the easterly QBO phase, the mean wind direction within a few degrees of latitude of the equator is easterly in both troposphere and stratosphere. This allows near equator convection to be enhanced in the vertical. This will be enhanced by ENSO activity. During the westerly phase however, the near equator stratospheric winds are westerly, in opposition to those of the troposphere. This forms a dynamical boundary for vertical enhancement of convection, and allows off-equator convection to be preferred. The monsoon areas being off equator are therefore enhanced during westerly phase. Activation of 30-40 oscillation (Dry) during strong ENSO and Easterly Phase of QBO and activation of 15-20 day oscillation (West) during westerly phase of QBO.

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