Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Experiment
Scientific paper
2006-09-22
Earth Moon Planets 99:241-252,2006
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Experiment
15 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Earth, Moon, and Planets, Special Issue Neutrino Geophysics
Scientific paper
10.1007/s11038-006-9129-z
We consider the detector size, location, depth, background, and radio-purity required of a mid-Pacific deep-ocean instrument to accomplish the twin goals of making a definitive measurement of the electron anti-neutrino flux due to uranium and thorium decays from Earth's mantle and core, and of testing the hypothesis for a natural nuclear reactor at the core of Earth. We take the experience with the KamLAND detector in Japan as our baseline for sensitivity and background estimates. We conclude that an instrument adequate to accomplish these tasks should have an exposure of at least 10 kilotonne-years (kT-y), should be placed at least at 4 km depth, may be located close to the Hawaiian Islands (no significant background from them), and should aim for KamLAND radio-purity levels, except for radon where it should be improved by a factor of at least 100. With an exposure of 10 kT-y we should achieve a 24% measurement of the U/Th content of the mantle plus core. Exposure at multiple ocean locations for testing lateral heterogeneity is possible.
Dye Stephen T.
Guillian Eugene
Learned John G.
Maricic Jelena
Matsuno Shigenobu
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