Other
Scientific paper
Mar 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002phdt........20c&link_type=abstract
Publicações do Observatório Nacional, P.E. 11/2002
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1
Galaxies: Clusters: General, Large-Scale Structures Of Universe, Surveys
Scientific paper
From photometric data in b(J) and R bands, obtained from plates and films digitized respectively with COSMOS and APM machines, we have carried out a study on the surface distribution of galaxies in a region of 10 deg x 6 deg in the Aquarius constellation that presents a great concentration of galaxy clusters according to the catalogs of such objects in the literature. From the application of counts-in-cells and matched-filters techniques, supplementing the identifications on the catalogs from the literature, we have constructed a list of 102 cluster candidates for the region. With spectroscopic observations of galaxy samples, selected in the highest density regions of the 102 candidates, we were able to detect 107 galaxy systems, clusters and groups, in the redshift space. A deeper analysis for most of these systems, specially those with more chance of being rich clusters, made possible the determination of structural and dynamical parameters, as well as the conclusion that 40 to 50% of the systems have substructures and also that 15% are subject to significant superposition effects. By applying a percolation algorithm to the spatial distribution of clusters and groups, as well as to the clusters available from the literature for a larger region 22 deg x 22 deg centered in Aquarius, we have found 2 very rich superclusters of galaxies, at z = 0.086 and z = 0.112, dubbed Aquarius-1 and Aquarius-2, respectively with 9 and 14 clusters. We also found a filament between 0.12 < z < 0.15, that may be connected to the second supercluster, and also some potential superclusters at z about 0.15, 0.17, 0.20 e 0.21. The Aquarius-1 supercluster seems to be part of a larger structure, that extends north-westwards, with a PA about 120 deg, made of 20 clusters. The part of that structure in the studied region presents an overdensity of 85 times the mean one, a Virial mass of 1.1 x 10e+16 1/h MSol, an harmonic radius of 12.5 1/h Mpc, and contains two cores, each one with at least two bounded clusters. The Aquarius-2 supercluster, on the other hand, seems to be restricted to the studied region and presents a flat shape, almost perpendicular to the line of sight (similar to the nearby Pisces-Perseus supercluster). Its estimated Virial mass is 2.5 x 10e+16 1/h MSol, its harmonic radius is 17 1/h Mpc, and it also has two main cores, each one with 4 bounded clusters and/or groups. The two superclusters comprise distinct structures, contrary to the previously claimed single filament of 110 1/h Mpc. Their virialization times are about 2.5 t(H) and they may be in the process of dynamic collapse.
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