Double-peak space-energy structure of the outer ion radiation belt.

Physics

Scientific paper

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Earth Radiation Belts: Energy Distribution

Scientific paper

It is demonstrated that the energy spectra and the radial profiles of the proton fluxes of the outer radiation belt of the Earth have a double-peak structure. It appears in limited L and E intervals. The high-energy spectral maximum corresponds to the maximum in the spectra of plasma-sheet protons and obeys the adiabatic law (Emax(L)/B0(L) = const), while the low-energy maximum forms directly in the radiation belts under the effect of loss mechanisms (mainly charge exchange). A forecast is given for ions with Z ≥ 2. The hypothesis is advanced that the two identified parts of the outer ion radiation belt are of different origin: the inner dissipative part is of ionospheric origin, and the outer adiabatic part, of solar origin.

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