Distribution of solar cosmic ray events over proton fluences

Physics

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Solar Cosmic Rays, Proton Flux Density, Solar Flares, Distribution Functions, Statistical Analysis, Energetic Particles, Spaceborne Experiments

Scientific paper

Distribution functions of the maximum flux and integrated number (fluence) of solar cosmic-ray protons are compared with similar distributions of various types of emission from solar flares. Capabilities of detecting solar proton events at a heliocentric distance of 1 AU are analyzed in relation to the flare event energy release. Statistical analysis of a data set consisting of 184 solar cosmic-ray events detected near the Earth's orbit is performed with respect to the total fluence of protons with energies greater than 30 MeV. It is shown that the event fluence distribution in this data set can be described by a power law with the spectral index nu -1.40 +/- 0.05. The threshold effect is investigated in detail. The obtained result is in good agreement with experimental distribution functions of various solar-flare emission types over both amplitudes and fluences. Some implications of this result for solar flare physics are analyzed.

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