Distinctness of ensembles having the same density matrix and the nature of liquid NMR quantum computing

Details Distinctness of ensembles having the same density matrix and the nature of liquid NMR quantum computing Distinctness of ensembles having the same density matrix and the nature of liquid NMR quantum computing

2004-08-12

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0408079v3

Physics

Quantum Physics

One typo corrected

Scientific paper

We show that differently constructed ensembles having the same density matrix may be physically distinguished by observing fluctuations of some observables. An explicit expression for fluctuations of an observable in an ensemble is given. This result challenges Peres's fundamental postulate and seems to be contrary to the widely-spread belief that ensembles with the same density matrix are physically identical. This leads us to suggest that the current liquid NMR quantum computing is truly quantum-mechanical in nature.

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