Diamond for Venus

Physics

Scientific paper

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Diamonds, Optical Equipment, Pioneer Venus 2 Spacecraft, Venus Atmosphere, Windows (Apertures), Infrared Detectors, Optical Properties, Thermal Radiation

Scientific paper

After consideration of the conditions under which some of the probes of Pioneer-Venus-2 would have to operate while in the atmosphere of Venus, it was decided to build a round window, 2.8 mm thick and 18.2 mm in diameter, out of diamond. A 13-carat natural diamond was prepared, the two outer surfaces of which were parallel to within 2 arc minutes, while the roughnesses amounted to no more than 0.5 micron. Several such diamond windows were then installed in the detector systems for measuring water vapor, cloud IR transmissivity, and thermal radiation.

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