Development of MOS CCDs for the next generation of X-ray observatories

Details Development of MOS CCDs for the next generation of X-ray observatories Development of MOS CCDs for the next generation of X-ray observatories

Oct 1999

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999nimpa.436...16k&link_type=abstract

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, Volume 436, Issue 1-2, p. 16-23.

Physics

Scientific paper

The new millennium will see the launch of the next generation of X-ray observatories. As well as more specialised cryogenic detectors, observatories such as XEUS and Constellation-X will require large arrays of medium spectral resolution detectors, covering large focal planes with a good response over the 0.1-15keV energy range. The MOS CCD that has been developed for the XMM, ASCA, ASTRO-E and AXAF observatories, with its proven record as an imaging X-ray spectrometer, will be the ideal detector for this role. In this paper we present the state-of-the-art performance being achieved using the XMM/EPIC CCDs and consider further developments that will be build upon existing technologies to ensure the CCD will meet the needs of the future observatories. In particular we discuss: comparisons of CCD surface design, i.e. back illuminated versus open electrode versus thinned electrode: improving high-energy quantum efficiency via the use of fully depleted or extreme depleted silicon: faster readout (>1MHz) with multiple low-noise amplifiers (<5 electrons rms) and further enhancement of the radiation hardness of CCDs, including 3-D modelling of the charge transfer process.

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