Development of high-gain gaseous photomultipliers for the visible spectral range

Details Development of high-gain gaseous photomultipliers for the visible spectral range Development of high-gain gaseous photomultipliers for the visible spectral range

2009-05-01

arxiv.org/abs/0905.0170v2

A. Lyashenko et al., JINST 4 (2009) P07005

Physics

Instrumentation and Detectors

22 pages, 12 figures, for submission to JINST

Scientific paper

10.1088/1748-0221/4/07/P07005

We summarize the development of visible-sensitive gaseous photomultipliers, combining a semitransparent bi-alkali photocathode with a state-of-the-art cascaded electron multiplier. The latter has high photoelectron collection efficiency and a record ion blocking capability. We describe in details the system and methods of photocathode production and characterization, their coupling with the electron multiplier and the gaseous-photomultiplier operation and characterization in a continuous mode. We present results on the properties of laboratory-produced K$_2$CsSb, Cs$_3$Sb and Na$_2$KSb photocathodes and report on their stability and QE in gas; K$_2$CsSb photocathodes yielded QE values in Ar/CH$_4$(95/5) above 30% at wavelengths of 360-400 nm. The novel gaseous photomultiplier yielded stable operation at gains of 10$^5$, in continuous operation mode, in 700 Torr of this gas; its sensitivity to single photons was demonstrated. Other properties are described. The successful detection of visible light with this gas-photomultiplier pave ways towards further development of large-area sealed imaging detectors, of flat geometry, insensitive to magnetic fields, which might have significant impact on light detection in numerous fields.

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