Determination of shear- and compressional-wave velocity variations and hypocenter locations in a rapidly inflating caldera: the Campi Flegrei

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Scientific paper

During 1982-1985, the Campi Flegrei caldera underwent a large (Δh ~ 1.7 m), rapid (h˙max ~ 2 mm day-1) and localized (radius ~ 6 km) uplift. P and S arrival times from three-component digital seismograms recorded during this period have been used to invert for hypocenter locations and for three-dimensional shear and compressional velocity to ~ 3 km.
First-order residual-based tomography shows a significant and well-resolved high υP/υS ratio anomaly for the volume encompassing the central caldera and the active Solfatara crater. Three-dimensional tomographic inversion resolves this central anomaly as a zone of depressed υP and υS with a high (~ 2.1) υP/υS ratio.
The three-dimensional velocity model and hypocenter distribution are consistent with modeling the central caldera as a zone of nearly-water-saturated cracks, presumably a result of recurrent inflation and deflation in a zone with a shallow water table, although the presence of small, shallow, magma bodies is not precluded.

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