Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Lattice
Scientific paper
2006-04-04
Eur.Phys.J.C48:193,2006
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Lattice
15 pages, 23 figures, uses svjour.cls. Added a subsection on the approach to saturation; some minor modifications and added re
Scientific paper
10.1140/epjc/s2006-02621-8
We study SU(2) lattice gauge theory with two flavors of Wilson fermion at non-zero chemical potential mu and low temperature on a 8^3x16 system. We identify three regimes along the mu-axis. For mu<~m_pi/2 the system remains in the vacuum phase, and all physical observables considered remain essentially unchanged. The intermediate regime is characterised by a non-zero diquark condensate and an associated increase in the baryon density, consistent with what is expected for Bose-Einstein condensation of tightly bound diquarks. We also observe screening of the static quark potential here. In the high-density deconfined regime we find a non-zero Polyakov loop and a strong modification of the gluon propagator, including significant screening in the magnetic sector in the static limit, which must have a non-perturbative origin. The behaviour of thermodynamic observables and the superfluid order parameter are consistent with a Fermi surface disrupted by a BCS diquark condensate. The energy per baryon as a function of mu exhibits a minimum in the deconfined regime, implying that macroscopic objects such as stars formed in this theory are largely composed of quark matter.
Hands Simon
Kim Seyong
Skullerud Jon-Ivar
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