Dark matter detection

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

There is increasing interest in the possibility of setting up terrestrial experiments for the direct detection of galactic dark matter on the hypothesis that this may consist of new types of elementary particle. The past two years have seen an increased level of development work directed towards dark matter detectors for several types of candidate particle. Existing low background detectors have set some limits on certain types of dark matter particle and a number of new experiments are now planned which will be capable of improving these limits.
This review discusses the principal particle candidates for the galactic dark matter, and summarizes the various experimental ideas which have been proposed for their detection, in particular electromagnetic detectors for light axions and nuclear recoil detectors for heavy neutral particles. For the latter, a variety of low temperature and ionization techniques are being studied. Progress in the development of each of these is summarized, together with prospects and plans for specific experiments in the near future.

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