Daily variations of the global post-sunset equatorial anomaly

Physics

Scientific paper

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[2415] Ionosphere / Equatorial Ionosphere, [2427] Ionosphere / Ionosphere/Atmosphere Interactions, [2437] Ionosphere / Ionospheric Dynamics, [2447] Ionosphere / Modeling And Forecasting

Scientific paper

The Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) uses the Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP) to characterize the nighttime ionosphere. TIP is a compact, nadir directed, narrow-band, ultraviolet photometer operating at the 135.6 nm wavelength. This emission is produced by recombination of oxygen ions and electrons, which is the natural decay process for the ionosphere. At night, the strength of the emission is proportional to the square of the peak electron density. TIP measures the horizontal structure of the ionosphere with 15-30 km resolution and high sensitivity, providing remarkable detail even during solar minimum conditions. Multiple TIP sensors are used to map the global pattern of the post-sunset equatorial anomaly for individual days. For solar minimum conditions and equinox periods a 4-cell pattern is observed in the equatorial anomaly. The persistence of the 4-cell pattern from day to day is remarkable. However, daily variations in magnitude of individual cells are observed and appear to occur on hemispheric scales, suggesting a large scale day-to-day variability in the global neutral wind pattern.

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