Physics – Geophysics
Scientific paper
Sep 2011
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011georl..3818404t&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 38, Issue 18, CiteID L18404
Physics
Geophysics
Hydrology: Eco-Hydrology, Hydrology: Soil Moisture, Mathematical Geophysics: Stochastic Processes (3235, 4468, 4475, 7857)
Scientific paper
Threshold crossings are crucial in many geophysical processes, including soil water balance, vegetation stress, landslides, particle erosion and transport. We focus here on the crossing properties of systems with additive or multiplicative stochastic impulses having the form of a marked Poisson process. We derive exact expressions for the probability of excursions of very short duration above/below a generic threshold. These expressions, together with mean first passage times, allow for approximating the full probability density function of excursion times with two-parameter distributions. Such approximations are effective for a wide range of stochastic processes covering relevant geophysical applications, as confirmed by the two examples provided regarding the dynamics of soil moisture content and water table depth.
Laio Francesco
Ridolfi Luca
Rodriguez-Iturbe Ignacio
Tamea Stefania
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