Correlation between the solar activity cycles and the Earth rotation

Physics

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Scientific paper

The correlation between the solar activity cycles and the Earth rotation is investigated by means of UT1 series from the solution C04 of the IERS. The different oscillations of the Earth rotation are separated by an approximation of the difference UT1-TAI for the period 1962-2006, which includes power polynomials of degree up to 3, main oscillations with periods 22a, 18.6a, 12a, 6.75a, 1a and their harmonics. The UT1-TAI oscillations at solar activity frequencies are approximated with step-variable periods as follow: 11.1a for UT1 data before 1977.5; 10.3a for data between 1977.5 and 1987.8; 9.7a for data between 1987.8 and 1997.5; and 10.0a for data after 1997.5. The step-variable periods yield better approximation of the Earth rotation response to different solar activity cycles. The estimated UT1-TAI oscillations at solar activity frequencies are highly-correlated with the smoothed values of the Wolf’s numbers with mean delay of about 1.5a.

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