Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2009-03-31
Physics
Quantum Physics
PhD Thesis, University of Salerno, 20 March 2008, 105 pages, 26 Figures
Scientific paper
A characteristic function (CF) based formalism for the representation of quantum optical operations pertaining to the Continuous Variable (CV) quantum teleportation protocol for general resource and input states is introduced; allowing for modifications of basic CV teleportation; such as lossy homodyne measurements and the presence of thermal noise. The output state CF is given as a product of the CFs of resource and input. The use of non-Gaussian resources is studied by means of a general class of two-mode squeezed Bell-like states that include as special cases Gaussian, non-Gaussian and "degaussified" resources; it is shown that Bell-like resources optimized ("tailored") for maximum fidelity yield a remarkable improvement in fidelity of teleportation for the studied input states. A further generalization is introduced with two-mode squeezed superpositions of Fock states including finite truncations of Gaussian states as special cases; it is shown that the optimization for maximum fidelity reduces these resources to truncated Gaussian states. Another class of non-Gaussian resources is introduced, optimized squeezed cat-like states; their performance is shown to be higher than that of a Gaussian state; but lower than that for the Bell-like states. It is shown that the optimal non-Gaussian resources are those that most closely realize the simultaneous maximization of the entanglement, the affinity with the two-mode squeezed vacuum and the (suitably measured) amount of non-Gaussianity. The teleportation of coherent state inputs is studied using squeezed Bell-like and squeezed cat-like states superimposed over Gaussian modes representing thermal noise; it is shown that the optimized non-Gaussian resources are more robust in the presence of noise then Gaussian resources.
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