Constraints on the formation of bubble universes

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

In the ``new inflationary'' cosmology, our universe is a single bubble within a supercooled false vacuum. This model permits the creation of an infinite number of bubble universes, some of which will eventually collide with ours to form a bubble cluster. Such a collision sustained within Earth's causal past would have shown itself as a marked anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background. Demanding that the likelihood for obtaining the observed isotropy is at least 5% allows us to set upper limits on ɛ, the dimensionless bubble formation rate. We also derive an upper limit to the probability that our bubble is the largest in its cluster and consider some consequences of different values of ɛ.

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