Constraining the Internal Structures of Jupiter and Saturn from Moments of Inertia Measurements: Implications for the Juno and Solstice Missions

Physics

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Scientific paper

The moment of inertia of a giant planet reveals important information about the planet's internal density structure and this information is not identical to that contained in the gravitational moments. The forthcoming Juno mission to Jupiter and the Solstice Mission (Cassini XXM) to Saturn might determine the angular momentum of the planets, and therefore their moments of inertia NMoI=C/MR2 by measuring the planets' pole precession, and the Lense-Thirring acceleration of the spacecraft (C is the axial moment of inertia, and M and R are the planet's mass and mean radius, respectively). The possible range of NMoI values for Jupiter and Saturn based on their measured gravitational fields using a simple core/envelope model are presented. The model suggests that Jupiter's NMoI lies in the range 0.2629 - 0.2645. Saturn's NMoI is found to be 0.218. Constraining Saturn's NMoI value, however, is possible only if an accurate determination of Saturn's rotation period is available.

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