Concentrating Partial Entanglement by Local Operations

Details Concentrating Partial Entanglement by Local Operations Concentrating Partial Entanglement by Local Operations

1995-11-21

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9511030v1

Phys.Rev.A53:2046-2052,1996

Physics

Quantum Physics

20 pages (revTeX) plus 1 figure (postscript). See also http://vesta.physics.ucla.edu/~smolin/

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.53.2046

If two separated observers are supplied with entanglement, in the form of $n$ pairs of particles in identical partly-entangled pure states, one member of each pair being given to each observer; they can, by local actions of each observer, concentrate this entanglement into a smaller number of maximally-entangled pairs of particles, for example Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen singlets, similarly shared between the two observers. The concentration process asymptotically conserves {\em entropy of entanglement}---the von Neumann entropy of the partial density matrix seen by either observer---with the yield of singlets approaching, for large $n$, the base-2 entropy of entanglement of the initial partly-entangled pure state. Conversely, any pure or mixed entangled state of two systems can be produced by two classically-communicating separated observers, drawing on a supply of singlets as their sole source of entanglement.

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